Dexmedetomidine

Dexmedetomidine is a relatively selective alpha2-adrenergic agonist indicated for:<br /> <ul> <li>Sedation of initially intubated and mechanically ventilated patients during treatment in an intensive care setting. Administer Dexmedetomidine by continuous infusion not to exceed 24 hours.</li> <li>Sedation of non-intubated patients prior to and/or during surgical and other procedures.</li> </ul>

Dexmedetomidine is a specific and selective alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist. By binding to the presynaptic alpha-2 adrenoceptors, it inhibits the release if norepinephrine, therefore, terminate the propagation of pain signals. Activation of the postsynaptic alpha-2 adrenoceptors inhibits the sympathetic activity decreases blood pressure and heart rate.

Individualize and titrate Dexmeditomidine dosing to desired clinical effect.<br /><br />Administer Dexmeditomidine using a controlled infusion device.<br /><br />Dilute the 200 mcg/2 mL (100 mcg/mL) vial contents in 0.9% sodium chloride solution to achieve required concentration (4 mcg/mL) prior to administration.<br /><br />The 200 mcg/50 mL single-use bottles do not require further dilution prior to administration.<br /><br /><strong>For Adult Intensive Care Unit Sedation</strong>: Generally initiate at one mcg/kg over 10 minutes,&nbsp; followed by a maintenance infusion of 0.2 to 0.7 mcg/kg/hour.<br /><br /><strong>For Adult Procedural Sedation</strong>: Generally initiate at one mcg/kg over 10 minutes, followed by a maintenance infusion initiated at 0.6 mcg/kg/hour and titrated to achieve desired clinical effect with doses ranging from 0.2 to 1 mcg/kg/hour. <br /><br /><strong>Alternative Doses</strong>: Recommended for patients over 65 years of age and awake fiberoptic<br />intubation patients.

Co-administration of Dexmedetomidine with anesthetics, sedatives, hypnotics, and opioids is likely to lead to an enhancement of effects.

<strong>Body as a Whole</strong>: Fever, hyperpyrexia, hypovolemia, light anesthesia, pain, rigors<br /><strong>Cardiovascular Disorders, General</strong>: Blood pressure fluctuation, heart disorder, hypertension, hypotension, myocardial infarction<br /><strong>Central and Peripheral Nervous System Disorders</strong>: Dizziness, headache, neuralgia, neuritis, speech disorder, convulsion<br /><strong>Gastrointestinal System Disorders</strong>: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea<br /><strong>Liver and Biliary System Disorders</strong>: Increased gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, hepatic function abnormal, hyperbilirubinemia<br /><strong>Metabolic and Nutritional Disorders</strong>: Acidosis, respiratory acidosis, hyperkalemia, thirst, hypoglycemia <strong>Psychiatric Disorders</strong>: Agitation, confusion, delirium, hallucination, illusion<br /><strong>Red Blood Cell Disorders</strong>: Anemia<br /><strong>Renal Disorders</strong>: Blood urea nitrogen increased, oliguria<br /><strong>Respiratory System Disorders</strong>: Hypoventilation, hypoxia, pulmonary congestion<br /><strong>Skin Disorders</strong>: Increased sweating<br /><strong>Vascular Disorders</strong>: Hemorrhage<br /><strong>Vision Disorders</strong>: Photopsia, abnormal vision.

Pregnancy Category C.

Continuous monitoring is needed while patient receiving Dexmedetomidine.

Bradycardia, hypotension and cardiac arrest is observed.

Miscellaneous sedatives & hypnotics

Keep below 30&deg;C temperature, away from light &amp; moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.